Tag: 100-200

In vivo use of the CYP inhibitor 1-aminobenzotriazole to increase long-term exposure in mice was written by Watanabe, Ayahisa;Mayumi, Kei;Nishimura, Kyohei;Osaki, Hiromi. And the article was included in Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition in 2016.Product Details of 1614-12-6 This article mentions the following:

1-Aminobenzotriazole (ABT) is a well-known in vivo nonspecific inhibitor of cytochrome P 450 (CYP) enzymes. An effective dosing regimen of ABT for a multiple-administration study is needed to conduct pharmacol. studies for proof-of-concept, although it has been established for single-administration study, to characterize the pharmacokinetics of drug candidates. This study demonstrated a suitable dosing vehicle of ABT for continuous administration and increased exposure to antipyrine, which is a nonspecific probe of CYP, using ABT for a long period in mice. The dosing vehicle of ABT was 0.5% (w/v) hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and 0.5% (volume/volume) Tween 80 in N,N-dimethylacetamide/20% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin aqueous solution (2:8, volume/volume) based on the duration of apparent solubility After implantation of an ALZET osmotic pump with ABT, the plasma concentrations of ABT were maintained at more than 4.1 μg/mL over 336 h. Compared with the vehicle group, the CL_tot of antipyrine with ABT decreased to approx. one-fourth, and the BA of antipyrine with ABT increased up to 3-fold. In addition, the enhancement of exposure of antipyrine by ABT was maintained over the 336 h. The body weight, food consumption and hematol. parameters of mice did not change with ABT administration for 16 days. These findings demonstrated that pretreatment of ABT can increase long-term exposure using continuous administration with the ALZET osmotic pump in mice with no overt toxicity. It is concluded that the in vivo use of 1-aminobenzotriazole can be applied to pharmacol. studies for proof-of-concept, thus contributing to the selection of drug candidates at an early drug discovery stage. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6Product Details of 1614-12-6).

1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Many triazoles are versatile, biologically active compounds commonly used as fungicides and plant retardants.Triazole heterocyclic structures are found to form many weak nonbond interactions with the receptors and enzymes in biological systems.Product Details of 1614-12-6

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Expanding the Imine Reductase Toolbox by Exploring the Bacterial Protein-Sequence Space was written by Wetzl, Dennis;Berrera, Marco;Sandon, Nicolas;Fishlock, Dan;Ebeling, Martin;Mueller, Michael;Hanlon, Steven;Wirz, Beat;Iding, Hans. And the article was included in ChemBioChem in 2015.Recommanded Product: 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine This article mentions the following:

Recent investigations on imine reductases (IREDs) have enriched the toolbox of potential catalysts for accessing chiral amines, which are important building blocks for the pharmaceutical industry. Herein, we describe the characterization of 20 new IREDs. A C-terminal domain clustering of the bacterial protein-sequence space was performed to identify the novel IRED candidates. Each of the identified enzymes was characterized against a set of nine cyclic imine model substrates. A refined clustering towards putative active-site residues was performed and was consistent both with our screening and previously reported results. Finally, preparative scale experiments on a 100 mg scale with two purified IREDs, IR_20 from Streptomyces tsukubaensis and IR_23 from Streptomyces vidiochromogenes, were carried out to provide (R)-2-methylpiperidine in 98% ee (71% yield) and (R)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline in >98% ee (82% yield). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6Recommanded Product: 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine).

1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Many triazoles are versatile, biologically active compounds commonly used as fungicides and plant retardants. The presence of the three nitrogen atoms in triazole structures afforded opportunities for a plethora of structural modification with the generation of novel therapeutically potential agents, which is different from other heterocyclic compounds.Recommanded Product: 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Deflagration properties of triazoles and their compositions as candidates for new gas generating agent of the air bag system was written by Arai, Mitsuru;Tsukahara, Takazumi;Tamura, Masamitsu. And the article was included in Proceedings of the International Pyrotechnics Seminar in 1999.Name: 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid This article mentions the following:

In order to obtain some information on the applicability of triazoles to the gas-generating agent for the air bag system, sensitivities and deflagration properties of triazoles and their compositions were examined In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6Name: 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid).

1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Triazoles exhibit substantial isomerism, depending on the positioning of the nitrogen atoms within the ring. Triazoles are compounds with a vast spectrum of applications, varying from materials (polymers), agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, photoactive chemicals and dyes.Name: 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Diaquabis[4-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)benzoato-κ²O,O’]nickel(II) was written by Xu, Shuzhi;Shao, Wenxin;Yu, Miao;Gong, Guihua. And the article was included in Acta Crystallographica, Section E: Structure Reports Online in 2011.Quality Control of 4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid This article mentions the following:

In the title compound, [Ni(C₉H₆N₃O₂)₂(H₂O)₂], the Ni^II atom lies on a twofold rotation axis and is six-coordinated by two bidentate chelating 4-(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)benzoate ligands and two water mols. in a distorted octahedral geometry. Intermol. O-H···N hydrogen bonds link the complex mols. into a two-dimensional network parallel to (010). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (cas: 157069-48-2Quality Control of 4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid).

4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (cas: 157069-48-2) belongs to triazole derivatives. Many triazoles are versatile, biologically active compounds commonly used as fungicides and plant retardants. Many triazoles have antifungal effects: the triazole antifungal drugs include fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, pramiconazole, ravuconazole, and posaconazole and triazole plant-protection fungicides include epoxiconazole, triadimenol, myclobutanil, propiconazole, prothioconazole, metconazole, cyproconazole, tebuconazole, flusilazole and paclobutrazol.Quality Control of 4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Rh-catalyzed transannulation of N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles with terminal alkynes was written by Chattopadhyay, Buddhadeb;Gevorgyan, Vladimir. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2011.Formula: C5H7N3O2 This article mentions the following:

The first transannulation of 1,2,3-triazoles with terminal alkynes into pyrroles is reported. The reaction proceeds in the presence of a Rh₂(oct)₄/AgOCOCF₃ binary catalyst system providing a straightforward approach to 1,2,4-trisubstituted pyrroles in good to excellent yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 1H-1,2,3-triazole-5-carboxylate (cas: 40594-98-7Formula: C5H7N3O2).

Ethyl 1H-1,2,3-triazole-5-carboxylate (cas: 40594-98-7) belongs to triazole derivatives. The triazole ring is a relatively stable functional group, and the triazole bond can be used for a variety of applications, such as replacing the phosphate backbone of DNA. Due to the structural characteristics, both 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles are able to accommodate a broad range of substituents (electrophiles and nucleophiles) around the core structures and pave the way for the construction of diverse novel bioactive molecules.Formula: C5H7N3O2

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Novel Pyruvate Kinase (PK) Inhibitors: New Target to Overcome Bacterial Resistance was written by El Sayed, Mardia T.;Sarhan, Alaadin E.;Ahmed, Entsar;Khattab, Reham R.;Elnaggar, Mohamed;El-Messery, Shahenda M.;Shaldam, Moataz A.;Hassan, Ghada S.. And the article was included in ChemistrySelect in 2020.Formula: C6H6N4 This article mentions the following:

In the present investigation, some novel nitro Mannich bases derived from Michael type addition of activated nitro olefin, beta-nitrostyrene with various amines either primary or secondary including some amino sugars were designed and synthesized. The produced Mannich bases have been full characterized through different spectroscopic techniques. Antimicrobial evaluation has been performed against the Gram pos. S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aurues (MRSA) infections. 5 of the synthesized compounds represent the best candidates in the biol. screening, they have exhibited good activity with MIC values range from 100 to 250 mug/mL. The active agents have been tested for pyruvate kinase inhibition activity with % of inhibition range from 30 to 79% with IC₅₀ in a nano molar range. They also exhibited significant Pyruvate kinase inhibition in nanomolar range with IC₅₀ of 1066, 662, 1887, 418 and 1128 ng/mL, resp. (vs. 196 ng/mL for AZD7545). Mol. docking calculations for active agents were performed. A complete conformational anal. mol. modeling utilizing Gaussian 09 program (HF/DFT) was used to verify the mode of bonding through the optimized geometries as well as essential quantum parameters were calculated using frontier energies (EHOMO & ELUMO) for the active candidates indicating the overall stability of the structure. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6Formula: C6H6N4).

1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. However, triazoles are also useful in bioorthogonal chemistry, because the large number of nitrogen atoms causes triazoles to react similar to azides. Triazole growth retardants such as uniconazole and paclobutrazol have been known to inhibit the biosynthesis of gibberellins by blocking kaurene oxidase, an P450 enzymeFormula: C6H6N4

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cyclization reactions in azole chemistry: the reaction of some azoles with o-fluoroacetophenone, o-fluorobenzaldehyde and o-fluorobenzophenone was written by Rosevear, Judi;Wilshire, John F. K.. And the article was included in Australian Journal of Chemistry in 1991.Recommanded Product: 2-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde This article mentions the following:

The reactions of some azoles with o-fluoroacetophenone, o-fluorobenzaldehyde and o-fluorobenzophenone in DMSO solution in the presence of anhydrous K₂CO₃ have been investigated. In addition to the expected substitution products, cyclization reactions frequently occurred to give carbinols in the case of the reactions of o-fluoroacetophenone and o-fluorobenzophenone, and cyclic ketones in the case of the reactions with o-fluorobenzaldehyde. Thus, the reaction of o-FC₆H₄COMe with imidazole gave 30% imidazoindolol I at 130°, whereas o-FC₆H₄CHO and imidazole gave 20% imidazoindolone II. Fluoren-9-ol and related carbinols containing heteroaromatic nuclei are readily converted in DMSO solution into the corresponding ketones by treatment with anhydrous K₂CO₃. When treated with ethanolic alkali, 2-(benzimidazol-1-yl)acetophenone undergoes a remarkable transformation to give 1-(2-aminophenyl)quinolin-4(1H)-one. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde (cas: 138479-53-5Recommanded Product: 2-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde).

2-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde (cas: 138479-53-5) belongs to triazole derivatives. The many free lone pairs in triazoles make them useful as coordination compounds, although not typically as haptic ligands. Triazole growth retardants such as uniconazole and paclobutrazol have been known to inhibit the biosynthesis of gibberellins by blocking kaurene oxidase, an P450 enzymeRecommanded Product: 2-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Dinuclear rhodium(I) and iridium(I) dicarboxytriazolate complexes and their oxidation products. Crystal structures of [NBu₄][Rh₂(Dcbt)(CO)₄]·0.4CH₂Cl₂ and [NBu₄][Rh₂(Dcbt)(CO)₂(PPh₃)₂] was written by Net, G.;Bayon, J. C.;Esteban, P.;Rasmussen, P. G.;Alvarez-Larena, A.;Piniella, J. F.. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 1993.Synthetic Route of C4H3N3O4 This article mentions the following:

4,5-Dicarboxy-1,2,3-triazole (H₃Dcbt) is a dinucleating ligand with behavior similar to that of other dicarboxyazolates previously reported. A new family of anionic complexes of this ligand with Rh(I) and Ir(I) using cyclooctadiene, CO, and PPh₃ as ancillary ligands were prepared [NBu₄][Rh₂(Dcbt)(CO)₄].0.4CH₂Cl₂ crystallizes as monoclinic, space group P2₁/c, a 14.210(4), b 16.161(4), c 15.296(4) Å, β 114.42(2)°, Z = 4, R = 0.036, R_w = 0.043. The planar anions [Rh₂(Dcbt)(CO)₄]^– form dimers separated by cations. The short distance between the Rh atoms in the dimer is associated with metal-metal interactions. [NBu₄][Rh₂(Dcbt)(CO)₂(PPh₃)₂] crystallizes as triclinic space group P1̅, a 17.714(8), b 12.969(8), c 13.406(8) Å, α 108.15(4), β 101.38(4)°, and γ 95.95(4)°, Z = 2, R = 0.053, R_w = 0.055. The PPh₃ is situated trans to N due to the larger trans effect of the ring N atom. The electrochem. oxidation of [NR₄][Ir₂(Dcbt)(CO)₄] (R = Pr, Bu) yielded the partially oxidized conductive materials [NR₄]_0.5[Ir₂(Dcbt)(CO)₄]. The stoichiometry based on elemental analyses was corroborated by XPS . XPS showed that the oxidation is metal centered. An EXAFS study indicated that the coordination sphere of the Ir is preserved upon oxidation The pressed pellet conductivities of these partially oxidized salts are 10^-4-10^-5 Ω^-1 cm^-1. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6Synthetic Route of C4H3N3O4).

1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Triazoles consist of a five-membered ring containing three nitrogen atoms and are biologically active, especially as antifungal, antimicrobial and enzyme inhibitors. Triazoles are compounds with a vast spectrum of applications, varying from materials (polymers), agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, photoactive chemicals and dyes.Synthetic Route of C4H3N3O4

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cytochrome 450 metabolites of arachidonic acid (20-HETE, 11,12-EET and 14,15-EET) promote pheochromocytoma cell growth and tumor associated angiogenesis was written by Cecilia, Colombero;Sofia, Cardenas;Marcela, Venara;Ayelen, Martin;Patricia, Pennisi;Marta, Barontini;Susana, Nowicki. And the article was included in Biochimie in 2020.Reference of 1614-12-6 This article mentions the following:

The importance of cytochrome P 450 (CYP)-derived arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites, 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) as tumor growth promotors has already been described in several cancer types. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of these compounds in the biol. of pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma. These tumors originate from chromaffin cells derived from adrenal medulla (pheochromocytomas) or extra-adrenal autonomic paraganglia (paragangliomas), and they represent the most common hereditary endocrine neoplasia. According to mutations in the driver genes, these tumors are divided in two clusters: pseudo-hypoxic and kinase-signaling. EETs, but not 20-HETE, exhibited a potent ability to sustain growth in a murine pheochromocytoma cell line (MPC) in vitro, EETs promoted an increase in cell proliferation and a decrease in cell apoptosis. In a mouse model of pheochromocytoma, the inhibition of CYP-mediated AA metabolism using 1-aminobenzotriazol resulted in slower tumor growth, a decreased vascularization, and a lower final volume Also, the expression of AA-metabolizing CYP monooxygenases was detected in tumor samples from human origin, being their apparent abundance and the production of both metabolites higher in tumors from the kinase-signaling cluster. This is the first evidence of the importance of CYP- derived AA metabolites in the biol. and development of pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma tumors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6Reference of 1614-12-6).

1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Triazoles exhibit substantial isomerism, depending on the positioning of the nitrogen atoms within the ring. The presence of the three nitrogen atoms in triazole structures afforded opportunities for a plethora of structural modification with the generation of novel therapeutically potential agents, which is different from other heterocyclic compounds.Reference of 1614-12-6

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Evaluation of hepatic damage by reactive metabolites – administration with consideration of circadian variation of murine hepatic glutathione levels – was written by Mori, Koji;Kumano, Atsushi;Kodama, Toshihisa;Takiguchi, Shigeyuki;Takano, Naomi;Kumada, Kohei;Hatao, Kana;Kimura, Takashi. And the article was included in Journal of Toxicological Sciences in 2014.Electric Literature of C6H6N4 This article mentions the following:

Generally, reactive metabolites are detoxified by conjugation with glutathione (GSH). A GSH-depleted model was prepared by administering L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO), which can be used to detect hepatic damage by reactive metabolites. However, BSO may cause adverse effects on other organs, such as renal damage by reactive metabolites because it depletes GSH in the whole body. The present study was designed to examine whether it was possible to specifically detect hepatic damage by reactive metabolites without reducing renal GSH levels by administering BSO in a time course when hepatic GSH levels are naturally reduced. Male BALB/c mice were administered reverse osmosis (RO) water or 20 mmol/l BSO in drinking water for 4 days. Subsequently, animals in the RO water group were orally administered 500 mg/kg acetaminophen (APAP) at 9:00 or 15:00 and in the BSO group at 9:00 for 4 days. As a result, severe hepatic damage and necrosis of the renal proximal tubules were observed in the BSO/APAP administration at 9:00 group, and all animals died on 1 or 2 days after APAP administration. Hepatic damage was clearly increased in the RO water/APAP administration at 15:00 group compared with the RO water/APAP administration at 9:00 group. However, renal damage and deaths were not observed This BSO administration model may detect renal damage induced by reactive metabolites. Using an administration time course, whereby hepatic GSH levels were naturally reduced, hepatic damage by reactive metabolites can be detected without secondary renal effects. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6Electric Literature of C6H6N4).

1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Triazoles are important five-member nitrogen heterocycles involved in a wide range of industrial applications such as agrochemicals, corrosion inhibitors, dyes, optical brighteners, as well as biologically active agents. 1,2,3-Triazoles are usually prepared following (3+2) cycloaddition protocols. A common technique for unsubstituted triazoles is the Huisgen azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition: a azide and an alkyne react at high temperature to form a ring. However, the Huisgen strategy produces a mixture of isomers (typically 1,4- and 1,5-disubstituted) when used to produce substituted triazoles.Electric Literature of C6H6N4

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics