Day: February 9, 2023

A high-activity cobalt-based MOF catalyst for [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of diynes and alkynes: insights into alkyne affinity and selectivity control was written by Xu, Fen;Si, Xiao-Ju;Wang, Xiao-Ning;Kou, Hao-Dong;Chen, Di-Ming;Liu, Chun-Sen;Du, Miao. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2018.Computed Properties of C9H7N3O2 This article mentions the following:

This work developed a highly efficient metal-organic framework (MOF) catalyst for the straightforward synthesis of functionalized benzenes via [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition As efficient cooperative catalyst for such reactions, Co-MOF-1, showed great sustainability and efficiency. This new catalytic system led to the generation of a series of structurally diverse benzenes in good to excellent yields (up to 95%). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (cas: 157069-48-2Computed Properties of C9H7N3O2).

4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (cas: 157069-48-2) belongs to triazole derivatives. The many free lone pairs in triazoles make them useful as coordination compounds, although not typically as haptic ligands. Many triazoles have antifungal effects: the triazole antifungal drugs include fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, pramiconazole, ravuconazole, and posaconazole and triazole plant-protection fungicides include epoxiconazole, triadimenol, myclobutanil, propiconazole, prothioconazole, metconazole, cyproconazole, tebuconazole, flusilazole and paclobutrazol.Computed Properties of C9H7N3O2

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The mechanism and risk factors of clopidogrel-induced liver injury was written by Zhai, Yiran;Wang, Lili;Yang, Fan;Feng, Guo;Feng, Shan;Cui, Tianyi;An, Lijun;He, Xin. And the article was included in Drug and Chemical Toxicology (1977) in 2016.Product Details of 1614-12-6 This article mentions the following:

Clopidogrel (CLP) is a prodrug which is widely used as a platelet aggregation inhibitor. Hepatotoxicity is rare but a potentially serious adverse reaction that is associated with CLP. Thiophene in CLP (the thienopyridine derivative) is a group that is easily oxidated by cytochrome P 450 enzymes (CYP450s) to generate reactive metabolites (RMs), it may be implicated in the mechanism of CLP-induced hepatotoxicity. CYP2C19 and CYP2B6 are important CYP450s involved in the metabolism and activation of CLP, and the aim of this study is to investigate whether the metabolites of CYP2C19 and CYP2B6 are associated with the CLP-induced liver injury. Primary rat hepatocytes are applied to evaluate the hepatotoxicity of CLP. Glutathione-depleted mouse model is used to evaluate whether this toxicity of CLP is metabolized by CYP450s. We also used HepG2 cells co-incubated with recombinant CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 enzymes to further assess whether the metabolites of CYP2C19 and CYP2B6 are associated with the CLP-induced hepatocellular toxicity. CLP in high dose (100 μM and 300 μM) showed cytotoxicity in primary rat hepatocytes assay. Administration of CLP with L-buthionine-S, R-sulfoxinine (BSO) for seven days enhanced the liver injury of CLP. The level of ALT, AST and TBIL in plasma increased significantly, and the histopathol. results showed the obvious liver injury; Pretreatment of 1-aminobenzotriazole, a nonspecific inhibitor of CYP450s, suppressed CLP-induced hepatotoxicity; CLP showed a dose-dependent toxicity in HepG2/CYP2C19 enzyme and HepG2/CYP2B6 enzyme models. High activities of CYP2C19 and CYP2B6 are the risk factors for hepatocellular toxicity of CLP. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6Product Details of 1614-12-6).

1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. The triazole ring is a relatively stable functional group, and the triazole bond can be used for a variety of applications, such as replacing the phosphate backbone of DNA. 1,2,3-Triazoles are usually prepared following (3+2) cycloaddition protocols. A common technique for unsubstituted triazoles is the Huisgen azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition: a azide and an alkyne react at high temperature to form a ring. However, the Huisgen strategy produces a mixture of isomers (typically 1,4- and 1,5-disubstituted) when used to produce substituted triazoles.Product Details of 1614-12-6

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and characterization of two novel coordination polymers based on the rigid 1H-1,2,3-triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid ligand was written by Yuan, Gang;Shao, Kui Zhan;Du, Dong Ying;Wang, Xin Long;Su, Zhong Min. And the article was included in Science China: Chemistry in 2010.Electric Literature of C4H3N3O4 This article mentions the following:

Two novel three-dimensional (3-D) coordination polymers, [Pb(HTDA)]_n(1) and [Co₅(TDA)₂(H₂TDA)₂(H₂O)₈]_n (2) [H₃TDA = 1H-1,2,3-triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid], were prepared by hydrothermal reactions and characterized by elemental anal., IR spectroscopy and single-crystal x-ray diffraction. Compound 1 is constructed from rod-shaped secondary building units (SBUs) and exhibits a 3-D network with (4¹⁰·6⁵)(4¹⁰·6³·8²) topol. Compound 2 is built up from ligands bridging three different cobalt ions and exhibits a 3-D network with (4.8²)₃(4.8²·10³) topol. In addition, the thermal stabilities of the two compounds, the photoluminescence properties of compound 1 and the magnetic properties of compound 2 were studied. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6Electric Literature of C4H3N3O4).

1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Triazoles exhibit substantial isomerism, depending on the positioning of the nitrogen atoms within the ring. Triazole growth retardants such as uniconazole and paclobutrazol have been known to inhibit the biosynthesis of gibberellins by blocking kaurene oxidase, an P450 enzymeElectric Literature of C4H3N3O4

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In Vitro and In Vivo Correlation of Hepatic Fraction of Metabolism by P450 in Dogs was written by Zhou, Xin;Hui, Yu-Hua;Hudson, Loyd;Katyayan, Kishore K.;Mohutsky, Michael A.;Hao, Junliang;Schober, Douglas A.;Hembre, Erik J.. And the article was included in Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Philadelphia, PA, United States) in 2019.Product Details of 1614-12-6 This article mentions the following:

1-Aminobenzotriazole (ABT) has been widely used as a nonspecific mechanism-based inhibitor of cytochrome P 450 enzymes. It is extensively used in preclin. studies to determine the relative contribution of oxidative metabolism mediated by P 450 in vitro and in vivo. The aim of present study was to understand the translation of fraction metabolized by P 450 in dog hepatocytes to in vivo using ABT, for canagliflozin, known to be cleared by P 450-mediated oxidation and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases-mediated glucuronidation, and three drug discovery project compounds mainly cleared by hepatic metabolism In a dog hepatocyte, intrinsic clearance assay with and without preincubation of ABT, three Lilly (LY) compounds exhibited a wide range of fraction metabolized by P 450. Subsequent metabolite profiling in dog hepatocytes demonstrated a combination of metabolism by P 450 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. In vivo, dogs were pretreated with 50 mg/kg ABT or vehicle at 2 h before i.v. administration of canagliflozin and LY compounds The areas under the concentration-time curve (AUC) were compared for the ABT-pretreated and vehicle-pretreated groups. The measured AUC_ABT/AUC_veh ratios were correlated to fraction of metabolism by P 450 in dog hepatocytes, suggesting that in vitro ABT inhibition in hepatocytes is useful to rank order compounds for in vivo fraction of metabolism assessment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6Product Details of 1614-12-6).

1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. The many free lone pairs in triazoles make them useful as coordination compounds, although not typically as haptic ligands. Triazoles are compounds with a vast spectrum of applications, varying from materials (polymers), agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, photoactive chemicals and dyes.Product Details of 1614-12-6

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Degradation of benzotriazole by DBD plasma and peroxymonosulfate: Mechanism, degradation pathway and potential toxicity was written by Wu, Jiali;Xiong, Qing;Liang, Jialiang;He, Qiang;Yang, Dongxu;Deng, Ruoyu;Chen, Yi. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2020.Recommanded Product: 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid This article mentions the following:

Benzotriazole (BTA), a widely used chem. in domestic and industrial products, is bio-refractory and is an emerging contaminant in the aquatic environment. An approach to degrade BTA was developed by integrating falling water film dielec. barrier discharge (DBD) plasma with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) or persulfate (PS). BTA degradation was significantly improved (47%) by adding PMS to the DBD plasma system; in addition, the energy yield increased 84%. Enhanced degradation efficiency was attributed to PMS activation which enriched the active species and increased the DBD plasma system oxidation potential. Radical scavenger experiments showed that SO₄^– and OH^– radicals contribute to BTA degradation, but the latter had greater direct impact on BTA degradation Superoxide radicals, singlet oxygen, and electrons also played an important role in the DBD-PMS system. BTA degradation intermediates and proposed reaction pathways were identified, including hydroxylation, cleavage, and coupling reactions. Intermediates toxicity anal. demonstrated toxicity of oral rat LD₅₀ and BTA developmental toxicity were alleviated. Overall, integrated DBD and PMS is a promising technol. for efficient, economic, environment-friendly refractory pollutant removal from water. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6Recommanded Product: 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid).

1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Many triazoles are versatile, biologically active compounds commonly used as fungicides and plant retardants. Triazole growth retardants such as uniconazole and paclobutrazol have been known to inhibit the biosynthesis of gibberellins by blocking kaurene oxidase, an P450 enzymeRecommanded Product: 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Reaction of aluminum azide with cyanoesters. Preparation of tetrazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidin-5(6H)-one and tetrazolo[1,5-c]quinazolin-5(6H)-one was written by Wagner, Eugene R.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1973.Name: Ethyl 1H-1,2,3-triazole-5-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

The reaction of Al(N3)3 with a variety of unsaturated β-cyano esters was studied. Both cis- and trans-3-cyanoacrylates gave trans-3-tetrazole-5-acrylate. trans-3-Cyanocrotonate gave trans-3-methyltetrazole-5-acrylate, while cis-3-cyanocrotonate gave a mixture consisting mainly of 1-(2-cyanopropenyl)tetrazolin-5(4H)-one and tetrazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidin-5-(6H)-one. The reaction of Al(N3)3 and Et o-cyanobenzoate gave a mixture of tetrazolo[1,5-c]quinazolin-5(6H)-one, 1-[o-(tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]-tetrazolin-5(4H)-one, Et o-(5-tetrazolyl)benzoate, and o-(5-oxo-2-tetrazolin-1-yl)benzonitrile. The formation of the quinazolinone via a Curtius rearrangement is proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 1H-1,2,3-triazole-5-carboxylate (cas: 40594-98-7Name: Ethyl 1H-1,2,3-triazole-5-carboxylate).

Ethyl 1H-1,2,3-triazole-5-carboxylate (cas: 40594-98-7) belongs to triazole derivatives. Triazoles are important five-member nitrogen heterocycles involved in a wide range of industrial applications such as agrochemicals, corrosion inhibitors, dyes, optical brighteners, as well as biologically active agents. Triazole growth retardants such as uniconazole and paclobutrazol have been known to inhibit the biosynthesis of gibberellins by blocking kaurene oxidase, an P450 enzymeName: Ethyl 1H-1,2,3-triazole-5-carboxylate

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ionic strength dependence of formation constants. Part 20. Salt effects on the protonation of 1H-1,2,3-trazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid in aqueous solution was written by De Robertis, Alessandro;Foti, Claudia;Gianguzza, Antonio. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical Research, Synopses in 1995.Synthetic Route of C4H3N3O4 This article mentions the following:

The dependence on ionic strength of the protonation constants of 1H-1,2,3-triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid has been studied in Et₄NI, NaCl and CaCl₂ aqueous solution, and it has been found that the complexation behavior of this ligand is very similar to that of tricarboxylic acids. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6Synthetic Route of C4H3N3O4).

1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Many triazoles are versatile, biologically active compounds commonly used as fungicides and plant retardants. 1,2,3-Triazoles are usually prepared following (3+2) cycloaddition protocols. A common technique for unsubstituted triazoles is the Huisgen azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition: a azide and an alkyne react at high temperature to form a ring. However, the Huisgen strategy produces a mixture of isomers (typically 1,4- and 1,5-disubstituted) when used to produce substituted triazoles.Synthetic Route of C4H3N3O4

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mechanism of Glycosylation of Anomeric Sulfonium Ions Glycosylation was written by Fang, Tao;Gu, Yi;Huang, Wei;Boons, Geert-Jan. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2016.Related Products of 1614-12-6 This article mentions the following:

Anomeric sulfonium ions are attractive glycosyl donors for the stereoselective installation of 1,2-cis glycosides. Although these donors are receiving increasing attention, their mechanism of glycosylation remains controversial. We have investigated the reaction mechanism of glycosylation of a donor modified at C-2 with a (1S)-phenyl-2-(phenylsulfanyl)ethyl chiral auxiliary. Preactivation of this donor results in the formation of a bicyclic β-sulfonium ion that after addition of an alc. undergoes 1,2-cis-glycosylation. To probe the importance of the thiophenyl moiety, analogs were prepared in which this moiety was replaced by an anisoyl or benzyl moiety. Furthermore, the auxiliaries were installed as S- and R-stereoisomers. It was found that the nature of the heteroatom and chirality of the auxiliary greatly influenced the anomeric outcome and only the one containing a thiophenyl moiety and having S-configuration gave consistently α-anomeric products. The sulfonium ions are sufficiently stable at a temperature at which glycosylations proceed indicating that they are viable glycosylation agents. Time-course NMR experiments with the latter donor showed that the initial rates of glycosylations increase with increases in acceptor concentration and the rate curves could be fitted to a second order rate equation. Collectively, these observations support a mechanism by which a sulfonium ion intermediate is formed as a trans-decalin ring system that can undergo glycosylation through a bimol. mechanism. DFT calculations have provided further insight into the reaction path of glycosylation and indicate that initially a hydrogen-bonded complex is formed between sulfonium ion and acceptor that undergoes S_N2-like glycosylation to give an α-anomeric product. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6Related Products of 1614-12-6).

1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Triazoles exhibit substantial isomerism, depending on the positioning of the nitrogen atoms within the ring. 1,2,3-Triazoles are usually prepared following (3+2) cycloaddition protocols. A common technique for unsubstituted triazoles is the Huisgen azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition: a azide and an alkyne react at high temperature to form a ring. However, the Huisgen strategy produces a mixture of isomers (typically 1,4- and 1,5-disubstituted) when used to produce substituted triazoles.Related Products of 1614-12-6

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Hydrothermal syntheses and structural characterization of four complexes with in situ formation of 1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate ligand was written by Zheng, Ze-Bao;Wu, Ren-Tao;Li, Ji-Kun;Sun, Yi-Feng. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2009.Formula: C4H3N3O4 This article mentions the following:

Four new complexes constructed with 1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate and bipyridyl-like ligands, [Cu(ta)(bipy)·H₂O]_n (1), [Mn₂(ta)₂(bipy)₂(H₂O)₂·2H₂O]_n (2), [Zn(ta)(phen)₂·5H₂O]_n (3) and [Ni(ta)(phen)₂·8H₂O]_n (4) (ta = 1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate, bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), were prepared under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by IR, elemental analyses and single-crystal x-ray analyses. The ta ligand is formed in situ by the decarboxylation of 1H-1,2,3-triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid. In the complex 1, the Cu(II) ions are bridged by ta ligand into a 1-dimensional zigzag chain coordination polymer motif. Binuclear [Mn₂(ta)₂(bipy)₂(H₂O)₂] units bridged by ta ligands are linked into a two-dimensional layered structure via interdimeric hydrogen bonds within the structure of 2. Compounds 3 and 4 are mononuclear complexes. Most interestingly, the crystal-lattice water mols. in complexes 3 and 4 are connected via intermol. O-H···O hydrogen bonds into 1-dimensional tapes and 2-dimensional layers, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6Formula: C4H3N3O4).

1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. However, triazoles are also useful in bioorthogonal chemistry, because the large number of nitrogen atoms causes triazoles to react similar to azides. The presence of the three nitrogen atoms in triazole structures afforded opportunities for a plethora of structural modification with the generation of novel therapeutically potential agents, which is different from other heterocyclic compounds.Formula: C4H3N3O4

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Immobilization of polyoxometalate in a cage-based metal-organic framework towards enhanced stability and highly effective dye degradation was written by Chen, Di-Ming;Liu, Xiao-Hui;Zhang, Nan-Nan;Liu, Chun-Sen;Du, Miao. And the article was included in Polyhedron in 2018.Category: triazoles This article mentions the following:

Due to their large surface areas, tunable functionality, and diversiform building blocks, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have arisen great attention in the last few decades. Nevertheless, most of MOFs show poor water stability, which seriously hinders their further applications. In this study, through the immobilization of polyoxometalate in a water unstable cage-based MOF material {[(Cu₄Cl)(CPT)₄(H₂O)₄]·3NO₃·5NMP·3.5H₂O} (1), in which HCPT = 4-(4-carboxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole and NMP = N-Me pyrrolidone, via a simple one-pot solvothermal reaction, a new hybrid material {[(Cu₄Cl)(CPT)₄]·(HSiW₁₂O₄₀)·31H₂O} (2) can be fabricated. The hybrid material 2 shows a nearly identical network structure to that of 1 but possesses much higher water and chem. stability. Moreover, the visible light dye degradation performance for 2 in water has been illustrated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (cas: 157069-48-2Category: triazoles).

4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (cas: 157069-48-2) belongs to triazole derivatives. Triazoles exhibit substantial isomerism, depending on the positioning of the nitrogen atoms within the ring. Many triazoles have antifungal effects: the triazole antifungal drugs include fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, pramiconazole, ravuconazole, and posaconazole and triazole plant-protection fungicides include epoxiconazole, triadimenol, myclobutanil, propiconazole, prothioconazole, metconazole, cyproconazole, tebuconazole, flusilazole and paclobutrazol.Category: triazoles

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics